- List
- Wassenaar Arrangement – List of Dual-Use Goods and Technologies – WA-LIST (25) 1
- Corresponding EU entry
- 1C001
a. Materials for absorbing frequencies exceeding 2 x 10⁸ Hz but less than 3 x 10¹² Hz;
Note 1 1.C.1.a. does not apply to:
a. Hair type absorbers, constructed of natural or synthetic fibres, with non-magnetic loading to provide absorption;
b. Absorbers having no magnetic loss and whose incident surface is non-planar in shape, including pyramids, cones, wedges and convoluted surfaces;
c. Planar absorbers, having all of the following:
1. Made from any of the following:
a. Plastic foam materials (flexible or non-flexible) with carbon-loading, or organic materials, including binders, providing more than 5% echo compared with metal over a bandwidth exceeding ±15% of the centre frequency of the incident energy, and not capable of withstanding temperatures exceeding 450 K (177°C); or
b. Ceramic materials providing more than 20% echo compared with metal over a bandwidth exceeding ±15% of the centre frequency of the incident energy, and not capable of withstanding temperatures exceeding 800 K (527°C);
Technical Note
For the purposes of 1.C.1.a. Note 1.c.1., absorption test samples should be a square at least 5 wavelengths of the centre frequency on a side and positioned in the far field of the radiating element.
2. Tensile strength less than 7 x 10⁶ N/m²; and
Note 1 cont.
3. Compressive strength less than 14 x 10⁶ N/m²;
d. Planar absorbers made of sintered ferrite, having all of the following:
1. A specific gravity exceeding 4.4; and
2. A maximum operating temperature of 548 K (275°C) or less;
e. Planar absorbers having no magnetic loss and fabricated from 'open-cell foam' plastic material with a density of 0.15 g/cm³ or less.
Technical Note
For the purposes of 1.C.1.a. Note 1.e., 'open-cell foams' are flexible and porous materials, having an inner structure open to the atmosphere. 'Open-cell foams' are also known as reticulated foams.
Note 2 Nothing in Note 1 releases magnetic materials to provide absorption when contained in paint.
b. Materials not transparent to visible light and specially designed for absorbing near-infrared radiation having a wavelength exceeding 810 nm but less than 2000 nm (frequencies exceeding 150 THz but less than 370 THz);
Note 1.C.1.b. does not apply to materials specially designed or formulated for any of the following applications:
a. "Laser" marking of polymers; or
b. "Laser" welding of polymers.
c. Intrinsically conductive polymeric materials with a 'bulk electrical conductivity' exceeding 10,000 S/m (Siemens per metre) or a 'sheet (surface) resistivity' of less than 100 ohms/square, based on any of the following polymers:
1. Polyaniline;
2. Polypyrrole;
3. Polythiophene;
4. Poly phenylene-vinylene; or
5. Poly thienylene-vinylene.
Technical Note
For the purposes of 1.C.1.c., 'bulk electrical conductivity' and 'sheet (surface) resistivity' should be determined using ASTM D-257 or national equivalents.
Note 1.C.1.c. does not apply to materials in a liquid form.
Note 1 1.C.1.a. does not apply to:
a. Hair type absorbers, constructed of natural or synthetic fibres, with non-magnetic loading to provide absorption;
b. Absorbers having no magnetic loss and whose incident surface is non-planar in shape, including pyramids, cones, wedges and convoluted surfaces;
c. Planar absorbers, having all of the following:
1. Made from any of the following:
a. Plastic foam materials (flexible or non-flexible) with carbon-loading, or organic materials, including binders, providing more than 5% echo compared with metal over a bandwidth exceeding ±15% of the centre frequency of the incident energy, and not capable of withstanding temperatures exceeding 450 K (177°C); or
b. Ceramic materials providing more than 20% echo compared with metal over a bandwidth exceeding ±15% of the centre frequency of the incident energy, and not capable of withstanding temperatures exceeding 800 K (527°C);
Technical Note
For the purposes of 1.C.1.a. Note 1.c.1., absorption test samples should be a square at least 5 wavelengths of the centre frequency on a side and positioned in the far field of the radiating element.
2. Tensile strength less than 7 x 10⁶ N/m²; and
Note 1 cont.
3. Compressive strength less than 14 x 10⁶ N/m²;
d. Planar absorbers made of sintered ferrite, having all of the following:
1. A specific gravity exceeding 4.4; and
2. A maximum operating temperature of 548 K (275°C) or less;
e. Planar absorbers having no magnetic loss and fabricated from 'open-cell foam' plastic material with a density of 0.15 g/cm³ or less.
Technical Note
For the purposes of 1.C.1.a. Note 1.e., 'open-cell foams' are flexible and porous materials, having an inner structure open to the atmosphere. 'Open-cell foams' are also known as reticulated foams.
Note 2 Nothing in Note 1 releases magnetic materials to provide absorption when contained in paint.
b. Materials not transparent to visible light and specially designed for absorbing near-infrared radiation having a wavelength exceeding 810 nm but less than 2000 nm (frequencies exceeding 150 THz but less than 370 THz);
Note 1.C.1.b. does not apply to materials specially designed or formulated for any of the following applications:
a. "Laser" marking of polymers; or
b. "Laser" welding of polymers.
c. Intrinsically conductive polymeric materials with a 'bulk electrical conductivity' exceeding 10,000 S/m (Siemens per metre) or a 'sheet (surface) resistivity' of less than 100 ohms/square, based on any of the following polymers:
1. Polyaniline;
2. Polypyrrole;
3. Polythiophene;
4. Poly phenylene-vinylene; or
5. Poly thienylene-vinylene.
Technical Note
For the purposes of 1.C.1.c., 'bulk electrical conductivity' and 'sheet (surface) resistivity' should be determined using ASTM D-257 or national equivalents.
Note 1.C.1.c. does not apply to materials in a liquid form.