- List
- Wassenaar Arrangement – List of Dual-Use Goods and Technologies – WA-LIST (25) 1
- Corresponding EU entry
- 6A005
Note 1 Pulsed "lasers" include those that run in a Continuous Wave (CW) mode with pulses superimposed.
Note 2 Excimer, semiconductor, chemical, CO, CO₂, and "non-repetitive pulsed" Nd:glass "lasers" are only specified in 6.A.5.d.
Note 3 6.A.5. includes fibre "lasers".
Note 4 The status of "lasers" incorporating frequency conversion (i.e., wavelength change) by means other than one "laser" pumping another "laser" is determined by applying the specified parameters for both the output of the source "laser" and the frequency-converted optical output.
Note 5 6.A.5. does not apply to "lasers" as follows:
a. Ruby with output energy below 20 J;
b. Nitrogen;
c. Krypton.
Technical Note
For the purposes of 6.A.5.a. and 6.A.5.b., 'single transverse mode' refers to "lasers" with a beam profile having an M²-factor of less than 1.3, while 'multiple transverse mode' refers to "lasers" with a beam profile having an M²-factor equal to or greater than 1.3.
a. Non-"tunable" Continuous Wave "(CW) lasers" having any of the following:
1. Output wavelength less than 150 nm and output power exceeding 1 W;
2. Output wavelength of 150 nm or more but not exceeding 510 nm and output power exceeding 30 W;
Note 6.A.5.a.2. does not apply to Argon "lasers" having an output power equal to or less than 50 W.
3. Output wavelength exceeding 510 nm but not exceeding 540 nm and any of the following:
a. 'Single transverse mode' output and output power exceeding 50 W; or
b. 'Multiple transverse mode' output and output power exceeding 150 W;
4. Output wavelength exceeding 540 nm but not exceeding 800 nm and output power exceeding 30 W;
5. Output wavelength exceeding 800 nm but not exceeding 975 nm and any of the following:
a. 'Single transverse mode' output and output power exceeding 50 W; or
b. 'Multiple transverse mode' output and output power exceeding 80 W;
a. 6. Output wavelength exceeding 975 nm but not exceeding 1,150 nm and any of the following:
a. 'Single transverse mode' output and any of the following:
1. Output power exceeding 2 kW; or
2. Having all of the following:
a. Output power exceeding 500 W; and
b. Spectral bandwidth less than 40 GHz; or
3. Having all of the following:
a. Output power exceeding 1.5 kW; and
b. Spectral bandwidth greater than or equal to 40 GHz and less than 100 GHz; or
b. 'Multiple transverse mode' output and any of the following:
1. Not used since 2025
2. Output power exceeding 3 kW;
Note 1 6.A.5.a.6.b. does not apply to 'multiple transverse mode', industrial "lasers" with output power exceeding 3 kW and not exceeding 6 kW with a total mass greater than 1,200 kg. For the purposes of this Note, total mass includes all components required to operate the "laser", e.g., "laser", power supply, heat exchanger, but excludes external optics for beam conditioning or delivery.
Note 2 6.A.5.a.6.b. does not apply to 'multiple transverse mode', industrial "lasers" having any of the following:
a. Not used since 2018
b. Not used since 2025
c. Not used since 2025
d. Not used since 2025
e. Output power exceeding 3 kW but not exceeding 12 kW and having a Beam Parameter Product (BPP) exceeding 3.2 mm•mrad;
f. Not used since 2018
g. Not used since 2018
h. Output power exceeding 12 kW but not exceeding 20 kW and having a BPP exceeding 3.9 mm•mrad; or
i. Output power exceeding 20 kW but not exceeding 40 kW and having a BPP exceeding 5 mm•mrad.
a. 7. Output wavelength exceeding 1,150 nm but not exceeding 1,555 nm and any of the following:
a. 'Single transverse mode' and output power exceeding 50 W; or
b. 'Multiple transverse mode' and output power exceeding 80 W;
8. Output wavelength exceeding 1,555 nm but not exceeding 1,850 nm, and output power exceeding 1 W;
9. Output wavelength exceeding 1,850 nm but not exceeding 2,100 nm, and any of the following:
a. 'Single transverse mode' and output power exceeding 1 W; or
b. 'Multiple transverse mode' output and output power exceeding 120 W; or
10. Output wavelength exceeding 2,100 nm and output power exceeding 1 W;
b. Non-"tunable" 'pulsed lasers' having any of the following:
Technical Note
For the purposes of 6.A.5.b., a 'pulsed laser' is a "laser" having a "pulse duration" that is less than or equal to 0.25 seconds.
1. Output wavelength less than 150 nm and any of the following:
a. Output energy exceeding 50 mJ per pulse and "peak power" exceeding 1 W; or
b. "Average output power" exceeding 1 W;
2. Output wavelength of 150 nm or more but not exceeding 510 nm and any of the following:
a. Output energy exceeding 1.5 J per pulse and "peak power" exceeding 30W; or
b. "Average output power" exceeding 30 W;
Note 6.A.5.b.2.b. does not apply to Argon "lasers" having an "average output power" equal to or less than 50 W.
b. 3. Output wavelength exceeding 510 nm but not exceeding 540 nm and any of the following:
a. 'Single transverse mode' output and any of the following:
1. Output energy exceeding 1.5 J per pulse and "peak power" exceeding 50 W; or
2. "Average output power" exceeding 80 W; or
b. 'Multiple transverse mode' output and any of the following:
1. Output energy exceeding 1.5 J per pulse and "peak power" exceeding 150 W; or
2. "Average output power" exceeding 150 W;
b. 4. Output wavelength exceeding 540 nm but not exceeding 800 nm and any of the following:
a. "Pulse duration" less than 1 ps and any of the following:
1. Output energy exceeding 0.005 J per pulse and "peak power" exceeding 5 GW; or
2. "Average output power" exceeding 20 W; or
b. "Pulse duration" equal to or exceeding 1 ps and any of the following:
1. Output energy exceeding 1.5 J per pulse and "peak power" exceeding 30 W; or
2. "Average output power" exceeding 30 W;
b. 5. Output wavelength exceeding 800 nm but not exceeding 975 nm and any of the following:
a. "Pulse duration" less than 1 ps and any of the following:
1. Output energy exceeding 0.005 J per pulse and "peak power" exceeding 5 GW; or
2. 'Single transverse mode' output and "average output power" exceeding 20 W;
b. "Pulse duration" equal to or exceeding 1 ps and not exceeding 1 μs and any of the following:
1. Output energy exceeding 0.5 J per pulse and "peak power" exceeding 50 W;
2. 'Single transverse mode' output and "average output power" exceeding 20 W; or
3. 'Multiple transverse mode' output and "average output power" exceeding 50 W; or
b. 5. c. "Pulse duration" exceeding 1 μs and any of the following:
1. Output energy exceeding 2 J per pulse and "peak power" exceeding 50 W;
2. 'Single transverse mode' output and "average output power" exceeding 50 W; or
3. 'Multiple transverse mode' output and "average output power" exceeding 80 W;
b. 6. Output wavelength exceeding 975 nm but not exceeding 1,150 nm and any of the following:
a. "Pulse duration" of less than 1 ps, and any of the following:
1. Output "peak power" exceeding 2 GW per pulse;
2. "Average output power" exceeding 30 W; or
3. Output energy exceeding 0.002 J per pulse;
b. "Pulse duration" equal to or exceeding 1 ps and less than 1 ns, and any of the following:
1. Output "peak power" exceeding 5 GW per pulse;
2. "Average output power" exceeding 50 W; or
3. Output energy exceeding 0.1 J per pulse;
c. "Pulse duration" equal to or exceeding 1 ns but not exceeding 1 s and any of the following:
1. 'Single transverse mode' output and any of the following:
a. "Peak power" exceeding 100 MW;
b. "Average output power" exceeding 20 W limited by design to a maximum pulse repetition frequency less than or equal to 1 kHz;
c. "Wall-plug efficiency" exceeding 12%, "average output power" exceeding 100 W and capable of operating at a pulse repetition frequency greater than 1 kHz;
d. "Average output power" exceeding 150 W and capable of operating at a pulse repetition frequency greater than 1 kHz; or
e. Output energy exceeding 2 J per pulse; or
b. 6. c. 2. 'Multiple transverse mode' output and any of the following:
a. "Peak power" exceeding 400 MW;
b. "Wall-plug efficiency" exceeding 18% and "average output power" exceeding 500 W;
c. "Average output power" exceeding 2 kW; or
d. Output energy exceeding 4 J per pulse; or
b. 6. d. "Pulse duration" exceeding 1 s and any of the following:
1. 'Single transverse mode' output and any of the following:
a. "Peak power" exceeding 500 kW;
b. "Wall-plug efficiency" exceeding 12% and "average output power" exceeding 100 W; or
c. "Average output power" exceeding 150 W; or
2. 'Multiple transverse mode' output and any of the following:
a. "Peak power" exceeding 1 MW;
b. "Wall-plug efficiency" exceeding 18% and "average output power" exceeding 500 W; or
c. "Average output power" exceeding 2 kW;
b. 7. Output wavelength exceeding 1,150 nm but not exceeding 1,555 nm, and any of the following:
a. "Pulse duration" not exceeding 1 s and any of the following:
1. Output energy exceeding 0.5 J per pulse and "peak power" exceeding 50 W;
2. 'Single transverse mode' output and "average output power" exceeding 20 W; or
3. 'Multiple transverse mode' output and "average output power" exceeding 50 W; or
b. "Pulse duration" exceeding 1 s and any of the following:
1. Output energy exceeding 2 J per pulse and "peak power" exceeding 50 W;
2. 'Single transverse mode' output and "average output power" exceeding 50 W; or
3. 'Multiple transverse mode' output and "average output power" exceeding 80 W;
b. 8. Output wavelength exceeding 1,555 nm but not exceeding 1,850 nm, and any of the following:
a. Output energy exceeding 100 mJ per pulse and "peak power" exceeding 1 W; or
b. "Average output power" exceeding 1 W;
b. 9. Output wavelength exceeding 1,850 nm but not exceeding 2,100 nm, and any of the following:
a. 'Single transverse mode' and any of the following:
1. Output energy exceeding 100 mJ per pulse and "peak power" exceeding 1 W; or
2. "Average output power" exceeding 1 W; or
b. 'Multiple transverse mode' and any of the following:
1. Output energy exceeding 100 mJ per pulse and "peak power" exceeding 10 kW; or
2. "Average output power" exceeding 120 W; or
b. 10. Output wavelength exceeding 2,100 nm and any of the following:
a. Output energy exceeding 100 mJ per pulse and "peak power" exceeding 1 W; or
b. "Average output power" exceeding 1 W;
c. "Tunable" "lasers" having any of the following:
1. Output wavelength less than 600 nm and any of the following:
a. Output energy exceeding 50 mJ per pulse and "peak power" exceeding 1 W; or
b. Average or CW output power exceeding 1 W;
Note 6.A.5.c.1. does not apply to dye "lasers" or other liquid "lasers", having a multimode output and a wavelength of 150 nm or more but not exceeding 600 nm and all of the following:
1. Output energy less than 1.5 J per pulse or a "peak power" less than 20 W; and
2. Average or CW output power less than 20 W.
c. 2. Output wavelength of 600 nm or more but not exceeding 1,400 nm, and any of the following:
a. Output energy exceeding 1 J per pulse and "peak power" exceeding 20 W; or
b. Average or CW output power exceeding 20 W; or
3. Output wavelength exceeding 1,400 nm and any of the following:
a. Output energy exceeding 50 mJ per pulse and "peak power" exceeding 1 W; or
b. Average or CW output power exceeding 1 W;
Note 6.A.5.c.3. does not apply to "tunable" "lasers" having an average or CW output power exceeding 1 W and not exceeding 10 W, power consumption equal to or exceeding 250 W, and a total mass greater than 50 kg. For the purposes of this Note, total mass includes all components required to operate the "laser", e.g., "laser", power supply, heat exchanger, but excludes external optics for beam conditioning or delivery.
d. Other "lasers", not specified in 6.A.5.a., 6A.5.b. or 6.A.5.c. as follows:
1. Semiconductor "lasers" as follows:
Note 1 6.A.5.d.1. includes semiconductor "lasers" having optical output connectors (e.g., fibre optic pigtails).
Note 2 The status of semiconductor "lasers" specially designed for other equipment is determined by the status of the other equipment.
Technical Notes
For the purposes of 6.A.5.d.1.:
1. Semiconductor "lasers" are commonly called "laser" diodes.
2. A 'bar' (also called a semiconductor "laser" 'bar', a "laser" diode 'bar' or diode 'bar') consists of multiple semiconductor "lasers" in a one-dimensional array.
3. A 'stacked array' consists of multiple 'bars' forming a two-dimensional array of semiconductor "lasers".
d. 1. a. Individual single-transverse mode semiconductor "lasers" having any of the following:
1. Wavelength equal to or less than 1,570 nm and average or CW output power exceeding 2.0 W; or
2. Wavelength greater than 1,570 nm and average or CW output power exceeding 500 mW;
d. 1. b. Individual multiple-transverse mode semiconductor "lasers" having any of the following:
1. Wavelength of less than 780 nm and average or CW output power exceeding 25 W;
2. Wavelength equal to or greater than 780 nm and less than 1,100 nm and average or CW output power exceeding 30 W;
3. Wavelength equal to or greater than 1,100 nm and less than 1,400 nm and average or CW output power exceeding 25 W;
4. Wavelength equal to or greater than 1,400 nm and less than 1,900 nm and average or CW output power exceeding 2.5 W; or
5. Wavelength equal to or greater than 1,900 nm and average or CW output power exceeding 1 W;
d. 1. c. Individual semiconductor "laser" 'bars' having any of the following:
1. Wavelength of less than 1,400 nm and average or CW output power exceeding 100 W;
2. Wavelength equal to or greater than 1,400 nm and less than 1,900 nm and average or CW output power exceeding 25 W; or
3. Wavelength equal to or greater than 1,900 nm and average or CW output power exceeding 10 W;
d. 1. d. Semiconductor "laser" 'stacked arrays' (two-dimensional arrays) having any of the following:
1. Wavelength less than 1,400 nm and having any of the following:
a. Average or CW total output power less than 3 kW and having average or CW output 'power density' greater than 500 W/cm²;
b. Average or CW total output power equal to or exceeding 3 kW but less than or equal to 5 kW, and having average or CW output 'power density' greater than 350W/cm²;
c. Average or CW total output power exceeding 5 kW;
d. Peak pulsed 'power density' exceeding 2,500 W/cm²; or
Note 6.A.5.d.1.d.1.d. does not apply to epitaxially-fabricated monolithic devices.
e. Spatially coherent average or CW total output power, greater than 150 W;
d. 1. d. 2. Wavelength greater than or equal to 1,400 nm but less than 1,900 nm, and having any of the following:
a. Average or CW total output power less than 250 W and average or CW output 'power density' greater than 150 W/cm²;
b. Average or CW total output power equal to or exceeding 250 W but less than or equal to 500 W, and having average or CW output 'power density' greater than 50W/cm²;
c. Average or CW total output power exceeding 500 W;
d. Peak pulsed 'power density' exceeding 500 W/cm²; or
Note 6.A.5.d.1.d.2.d. does not apply to epitaxially-fabricated monolithic devices.
e. Spatially coherent average or CW total output power, exceeding 15 W;
d. 1. d. 3. Wavelength greater than or equal to 1,900 nm and having any of the following:
a. Average or CW output 'power density' greater than 50 W/cm²;
b. Average or CW output power greater than 10 W; or
c. Spatially coherent average or CW total output power, exceeding 1.5 W; or
d. 1. d. 4. At least one "laser" 'bar' specified in 6.A.5.d.1.c.;
Technical Note
For the purposes of 6.A.5.d.1.d., 'power density' means the total "laser" output power divided by the emitter surface area of the 'stacked array'.
d. 1. e. Semiconductor "laser" 'stacked arrays', other than those specified in 6.A.5.d.1.d., having all of the following:
1. Specially designed or modified to be combined with other 'stacked arrays' to form a larger 'stacked array'; and
2. Integrated connections, common for both electronics and cooling;
Note 1 'Stacked arrays', formed by combining semiconductor "laser" 'stacked arrays' specified in 6.A.5.d.1.e., that are not designed to be further combined or modified are specified in 6.A.5.d.1.d.
Note 2 'Stacked arrays', formed by combining semiconductor "laser" 'stacked arrays' specified in 6.A.5.d.1.e., that are designed to be further combined or modified are specified in 6.A.5.d.1.e.
Note 3 6.A.5.d.1.e. does not apply to modular assemblies of single 'bars' designed to be fabricated into end-to-end stacked linear arrays.
d. 2. Carbon monoxide (CO) "lasers" having any of the following:
a. Output energy exceeding 2 J per pulse and "peak power" exceeding 5 kW; or
b. Average or CW output power exceeding 5 kW;
d. 3. Carbon dioxide (CO₂) "lasers" having any of the following:
a. CW output power exceeding 15 kW;
b. Pulsed output with a "pulse duration" exceeding 10 µs and any of the following:
1. "Average output power" exceeding 10 kW; or
2. "Peak power" exceeding 100 kW; or
c. Pulsed output with a "pulse duration" equal to or less than 10 µs and any of the following:
1. Pulse energy exceeding 5 J per pulse; or
2. "Average output power" exceeding 2.5 kW;
d. 4. Excimer "lasers" having any of the following:
a. Output wavelength not exceeding 150 nm and any of the following:
1. Output energy exceeding 50 mJ per pulse; or
2. "Average output power" exceeding 1 W;
d. 4. b. Output wavelength exceeding 150 nm but not exceeding 190 nm and any of the following:
1. Output energy exceeding 1.5 J per pulse; or
2. "Average output power" exceeding 120 W;
c. Output wavelength exceeding 190 nm but not exceeding 360 nm and any of the following:
1. Output energy exceeding 10 J per pulse; or
2. "Average output power" exceeding 500 W; or
d. Output wavelength exceeding 360 nm and any of the following:
1. Output energy exceeding 1.5 J per pulse; or
2. "Average output power" exceeding 30 W;
N.B. For excimer "lasers" specially designed for lithography equipment, see 3.B.1.
d. 5. 'Chemical lasers' as follows:
Technical Note
For the purposes of 6.A.5.d.5., 'chemical laser' is a "laser" in which the excited species is produced by the output energy from a chemical reaction.
a. Hydrogen Fluoride (HF) "lasers";
b. Deuterium Fluoride (DF) "lasers";
c. 'Transfer lasers' as follows:
1. Oxygen Iodine (O₂₋I) "lasers";
2. Deuterium Fluoride-Carbon dioxide (DF-CO₂) "lasers";
Technical Note
For the purposes of 6.A.5.d.5.c., 'transfer lasers' are "lasers" in which the lasing species are excited through the transfer of energy by collision of a non-lasing atom or molecule with a lasing atom or molecule species.
d. 6. "Non-repetitive pulsed" Nd:glass "lasers" having any of the following:
a. "Pulse duration" not exceeding 1 s and output energy exceeding 50 J per pulse; or
b. "Pulse duration" exceeding 1 s and output energy exceeding 100 J per pulse;
e. Components as follows:
1. Mirrors cooled either by 'active cooling' or by heat pipe cooling;
Technical Notes
For the purposes of 6.A.5.e.1., 'active cooling' is a cooling technique for optical components using flowing fluids within the subsurface (nominally less than 1 mm below the optical surface) of the optical component to remove heat from the optic.
e. 2. Optical mirrors or transmissive or partially transmissive optical or electro-optical components, other than fused tapered fibre combiners and Multi-Layer Dielectric gratings (MLDs), specially designed for use with specified "lasers";
Note Fibre combiners and MLDs are specified in 6.A.5.e.3.
e. 3. Fibre "laser" components as follows:
a. Multimode to multimode fused tapered fibre combiners having all of the following:
1. An insertion loss better (less) than or equal to 0.3 dB maintained at a rated total average or CW output power (excluding output power transmitted through the single mode core if present) exceeding 1,000 W; and
2. Number of input fibres equal to or greater than 3;
e. 3. b. Single mode to multimode fused tapered fibre combiners having all of the following:
1. An insertion loss better (less) than 0.5 dB maintained at a rated total average or CW output power exceeding 4,600 W;
2. Number of input fibres equal to or greater than 3; and
3. Having any of the following:
a. A Beam Parameter Product (BPP) measured at the output not exceeding 1.5 mm mrad for a number of input fibres less than or equal to 5; or
b. A BPP measured at the output not exceeding 2.5 mm mrad for a number of input fibres greater than 5;
e. 3. c. MLDs having all of the following:
1. Designed for spectral or coherent beam combination of 5 or more fibre "lasers"; and
2. CW "Laser" Induced Damage Threshold (LIDT) greater than or equal to 10 kW/cm²;
f. Optical equipment as follows:
N.B. For shared aperture optical elements, capable of operating in "Super High Power Laser" ("SHPL") applications, see ML19. Note 2.d[1]*
1. Not used since 2017
N.B. For items previously specified in 6.A.5.f.1., see 6.A.4.f.
2. "Laser" diagnostic equipment specially designed for dynamic measurement of "SHPL" system angular beam steering errors and having an angular "accuracy" of 10 µrad (microradians) or less (better);
3. Optical equipment and components, specially designed for coherent beam combination in a phased-array "SHPL" system and having any of the following:
a. An "accuracy" of 0.1 µm or less (better), for wavelengths greater than 1 µm; or
b. An "accuracy" of λ/10 or less (better) at the designed wavelength, for wavelengths equal to or less than 1 µm;
4. Projection telescopes specially designed for use with "SHPL" systems;
g. 'Laser acoustic detection equipment' having all of the following:
1. CW "laser" output power equal to or exceeding 20 mW;
2. "Laser" frequency stability equal to or less (better) than 10 MHz;
3. "Laser" wavelengths equal to or exceeding 1,000 nm but not exceeding 2,000 nm;
4. Optical system resolution less (better) than 1 nm; and
5. Optical Signal to Noise ratio equal to or exceeding 10³.
Technical Note
For the purposes of 6.A.5.g., 'laser acoustic detection equipment' is sometimes referred to as a "Laser" Microphone or Particle Flow Detection Microphone.
MAGNETIC AND ELECTRIC FIELD SENSORS
Note 2 Excimer, semiconductor, chemical, CO, CO₂, and "non-repetitive pulsed" Nd:glass "lasers" are only specified in 6.A.5.d.
Note 3 6.A.5. includes fibre "lasers".
Note 4 The status of "lasers" incorporating frequency conversion (i.e., wavelength change) by means other than one "laser" pumping another "laser" is determined by applying the specified parameters for both the output of the source "laser" and the frequency-converted optical output.
Note 5 6.A.5. does not apply to "lasers" as follows:
a. Ruby with output energy below 20 J;
b. Nitrogen;
c. Krypton.
Technical Note
For the purposes of 6.A.5.a. and 6.A.5.b., 'single transverse mode' refers to "lasers" with a beam profile having an M²-factor of less than 1.3, while 'multiple transverse mode' refers to "lasers" with a beam profile having an M²-factor equal to or greater than 1.3.
a. Non-"tunable" Continuous Wave "(CW) lasers" having any of the following:
1. Output wavelength less than 150 nm and output power exceeding 1 W;
2. Output wavelength of 150 nm or more but not exceeding 510 nm and output power exceeding 30 W;
Note 6.A.5.a.2. does not apply to Argon "lasers" having an output power equal to or less than 50 W.
3. Output wavelength exceeding 510 nm but not exceeding 540 nm and any of the following:
a. 'Single transverse mode' output and output power exceeding 50 W; or
b. 'Multiple transverse mode' output and output power exceeding 150 W;
4. Output wavelength exceeding 540 nm but not exceeding 800 nm and output power exceeding 30 W;
5. Output wavelength exceeding 800 nm but not exceeding 975 nm and any of the following:
a. 'Single transverse mode' output and output power exceeding 50 W; or
b. 'Multiple transverse mode' output and output power exceeding 80 W;
a. 6. Output wavelength exceeding 975 nm but not exceeding 1,150 nm and any of the following:
a. 'Single transverse mode' output and any of the following:
1. Output power exceeding 2 kW; or
2. Having all of the following:
a. Output power exceeding 500 W; and
b. Spectral bandwidth less than 40 GHz; or
3. Having all of the following:
a. Output power exceeding 1.5 kW; and
b. Spectral bandwidth greater than or equal to 40 GHz and less than 100 GHz; or
b. 'Multiple transverse mode' output and any of the following:
1. Not used since 2025
2. Output power exceeding 3 kW;
Note 1 6.A.5.a.6.b. does not apply to 'multiple transverse mode', industrial "lasers" with output power exceeding 3 kW and not exceeding 6 kW with a total mass greater than 1,200 kg. For the purposes of this Note, total mass includes all components required to operate the "laser", e.g., "laser", power supply, heat exchanger, but excludes external optics for beam conditioning or delivery.
Note 2 6.A.5.a.6.b. does not apply to 'multiple transverse mode', industrial "lasers" having any of the following:
a. Not used since 2018
b. Not used since 2025
c. Not used since 2025
d. Not used since 2025
e. Output power exceeding 3 kW but not exceeding 12 kW and having a Beam Parameter Product (BPP) exceeding 3.2 mm•mrad;
f. Not used since 2018
g. Not used since 2018
h. Output power exceeding 12 kW but not exceeding 20 kW and having a BPP exceeding 3.9 mm•mrad; or
i. Output power exceeding 20 kW but not exceeding 40 kW and having a BPP exceeding 5 mm•mrad.
a. 7. Output wavelength exceeding 1,150 nm but not exceeding 1,555 nm and any of the following:
a. 'Single transverse mode' and output power exceeding 50 W; or
b. 'Multiple transverse mode' and output power exceeding 80 W;
8. Output wavelength exceeding 1,555 nm but not exceeding 1,850 nm, and output power exceeding 1 W;
9. Output wavelength exceeding 1,850 nm but not exceeding 2,100 nm, and any of the following:
a. 'Single transverse mode' and output power exceeding 1 W; or
b. 'Multiple transverse mode' output and output power exceeding 120 W; or
10. Output wavelength exceeding 2,100 nm and output power exceeding 1 W;
b. Non-"tunable" 'pulsed lasers' having any of the following:
Technical Note
For the purposes of 6.A.5.b., a 'pulsed laser' is a "laser" having a "pulse duration" that is less than or equal to 0.25 seconds.
1. Output wavelength less than 150 nm and any of the following:
a. Output energy exceeding 50 mJ per pulse and "peak power" exceeding 1 W; or
b. "Average output power" exceeding 1 W;
2. Output wavelength of 150 nm or more but not exceeding 510 nm and any of the following:
a. Output energy exceeding 1.5 J per pulse and "peak power" exceeding 30W; or
b. "Average output power" exceeding 30 W;
Note 6.A.5.b.2.b. does not apply to Argon "lasers" having an "average output power" equal to or less than 50 W.
b. 3. Output wavelength exceeding 510 nm but not exceeding 540 nm and any of the following:
a. 'Single transverse mode' output and any of the following:
1. Output energy exceeding 1.5 J per pulse and "peak power" exceeding 50 W; or
2. "Average output power" exceeding 80 W; or
b. 'Multiple transverse mode' output and any of the following:
1. Output energy exceeding 1.5 J per pulse and "peak power" exceeding 150 W; or
2. "Average output power" exceeding 150 W;
b. 4. Output wavelength exceeding 540 nm but not exceeding 800 nm and any of the following:
a. "Pulse duration" less than 1 ps and any of the following:
1. Output energy exceeding 0.005 J per pulse and "peak power" exceeding 5 GW; or
2. "Average output power" exceeding 20 W; or
b. "Pulse duration" equal to or exceeding 1 ps and any of the following:
1. Output energy exceeding 1.5 J per pulse and "peak power" exceeding 30 W; or
2. "Average output power" exceeding 30 W;
b. 5. Output wavelength exceeding 800 nm but not exceeding 975 nm and any of the following:
a. "Pulse duration" less than 1 ps and any of the following:
1. Output energy exceeding 0.005 J per pulse and "peak power" exceeding 5 GW; or
2. 'Single transverse mode' output and "average output power" exceeding 20 W;
b. "Pulse duration" equal to or exceeding 1 ps and not exceeding 1 μs and any of the following:
1. Output energy exceeding 0.5 J per pulse and "peak power" exceeding 50 W;
2. 'Single transverse mode' output and "average output power" exceeding 20 W; or
3. 'Multiple transverse mode' output and "average output power" exceeding 50 W; or
b. 5. c. "Pulse duration" exceeding 1 μs and any of the following:
1. Output energy exceeding 2 J per pulse and "peak power" exceeding 50 W;
2. 'Single transverse mode' output and "average output power" exceeding 50 W; or
3. 'Multiple transverse mode' output and "average output power" exceeding 80 W;
b. 6. Output wavelength exceeding 975 nm but not exceeding 1,150 nm and any of the following:
a. "Pulse duration" of less than 1 ps, and any of the following:
1. Output "peak power" exceeding 2 GW per pulse;
2. "Average output power" exceeding 30 W; or
3. Output energy exceeding 0.002 J per pulse;
b. "Pulse duration" equal to or exceeding 1 ps and less than 1 ns, and any of the following:
1. Output "peak power" exceeding 5 GW per pulse;
2. "Average output power" exceeding 50 W; or
3. Output energy exceeding 0.1 J per pulse;
c. "Pulse duration" equal to or exceeding 1 ns but not exceeding 1 s and any of the following:
1. 'Single transverse mode' output and any of the following:
a. "Peak power" exceeding 100 MW;
b. "Average output power" exceeding 20 W limited by design to a maximum pulse repetition frequency less than or equal to 1 kHz;
c. "Wall-plug efficiency" exceeding 12%, "average output power" exceeding 100 W and capable of operating at a pulse repetition frequency greater than 1 kHz;
d. "Average output power" exceeding 150 W and capable of operating at a pulse repetition frequency greater than 1 kHz; or
e. Output energy exceeding 2 J per pulse; or
b. 6. c. 2. 'Multiple transverse mode' output and any of the following:
a. "Peak power" exceeding 400 MW;
b. "Wall-plug efficiency" exceeding 18% and "average output power" exceeding 500 W;
c. "Average output power" exceeding 2 kW; or
d. Output energy exceeding 4 J per pulse; or
b. 6. d. "Pulse duration" exceeding 1 s and any of the following:
1. 'Single transverse mode' output and any of the following:
a. "Peak power" exceeding 500 kW;
b. "Wall-plug efficiency" exceeding 12% and "average output power" exceeding 100 W; or
c. "Average output power" exceeding 150 W; or
2. 'Multiple transverse mode' output and any of the following:
a. "Peak power" exceeding 1 MW;
b. "Wall-plug efficiency" exceeding 18% and "average output power" exceeding 500 W; or
c. "Average output power" exceeding 2 kW;
b. 7. Output wavelength exceeding 1,150 nm but not exceeding 1,555 nm, and any of the following:
a. "Pulse duration" not exceeding 1 s and any of the following:
1. Output energy exceeding 0.5 J per pulse and "peak power" exceeding 50 W;
2. 'Single transverse mode' output and "average output power" exceeding 20 W; or
3. 'Multiple transverse mode' output and "average output power" exceeding 50 W; or
b. "Pulse duration" exceeding 1 s and any of the following:
1. Output energy exceeding 2 J per pulse and "peak power" exceeding 50 W;
2. 'Single transverse mode' output and "average output power" exceeding 50 W; or
3. 'Multiple transverse mode' output and "average output power" exceeding 80 W;
b. 8. Output wavelength exceeding 1,555 nm but not exceeding 1,850 nm, and any of the following:
a. Output energy exceeding 100 mJ per pulse and "peak power" exceeding 1 W; or
b. "Average output power" exceeding 1 W;
b. 9. Output wavelength exceeding 1,850 nm but not exceeding 2,100 nm, and any of the following:
a. 'Single transverse mode' and any of the following:
1. Output energy exceeding 100 mJ per pulse and "peak power" exceeding 1 W; or
2. "Average output power" exceeding 1 W; or
b. 'Multiple transverse mode' and any of the following:
1. Output energy exceeding 100 mJ per pulse and "peak power" exceeding 10 kW; or
2. "Average output power" exceeding 120 W; or
b. 10. Output wavelength exceeding 2,100 nm and any of the following:
a. Output energy exceeding 100 mJ per pulse and "peak power" exceeding 1 W; or
b. "Average output power" exceeding 1 W;
c. "Tunable" "lasers" having any of the following:
1. Output wavelength less than 600 nm and any of the following:
a. Output energy exceeding 50 mJ per pulse and "peak power" exceeding 1 W; or
b. Average or CW output power exceeding 1 W;
Note 6.A.5.c.1. does not apply to dye "lasers" or other liquid "lasers", having a multimode output and a wavelength of 150 nm or more but not exceeding 600 nm and all of the following:
1. Output energy less than 1.5 J per pulse or a "peak power" less than 20 W; and
2. Average or CW output power less than 20 W.
c. 2. Output wavelength of 600 nm or more but not exceeding 1,400 nm, and any of the following:
a. Output energy exceeding 1 J per pulse and "peak power" exceeding 20 W; or
b. Average or CW output power exceeding 20 W; or
3. Output wavelength exceeding 1,400 nm and any of the following:
a. Output energy exceeding 50 mJ per pulse and "peak power" exceeding 1 W; or
b. Average or CW output power exceeding 1 W;
Note 6.A.5.c.3. does not apply to "tunable" "lasers" having an average or CW output power exceeding 1 W and not exceeding 10 W, power consumption equal to or exceeding 250 W, and a total mass greater than 50 kg. For the purposes of this Note, total mass includes all components required to operate the "laser", e.g., "laser", power supply, heat exchanger, but excludes external optics for beam conditioning or delivery.
d. Other "lasers", not specified in 6.A.5.a., 6A.5.b. or 6.A.5.c. as follows:
1. Semiconductor "lasers" as follows:
Note 1 6.A.5.d.1. includes semiconductor "lasers" having optical output connectors (e.g., fibre optic pigtails).
Note 2 The status of semiconductor "lasers" specially designed for other equipment is determined by the status of the other equipment.
Technical Notes
For the purposes of 6.A.5.d.1.:
1. Semiconductor "lasers" are commonly called "laser" diodes.
2. A 'bar' (also called a semiconductor "laser" 'bar', a "laser" diode 'bar' or diode 'bar') consists of multiple semiconductor "lasers" in a one-dimensional array.
3. A 'stacked array' consists of multiple 'bars' forming a two-dimensional array of semiconductor "lasers".
d. 1. a. Individual single-transverse mode semiconductor "lasers" having any of the following:
1. Wavelength equal to or less than 1,570 nm and average or CW output power exceeding 2.0 W; or
2. Wavelength greater than 1,570 nm and average or CW output power exceeding 500 mW;
d. 1. b. Individual multiple-transverse mode semiconductor "lasers" having any of the following:
1. Wavelength of less than 780 nm and average or CW output power exceeding 25 W;
2. Wavelength equal to or greater than 780 nm and less than 1,100 nm and average or CW output power exceeding 30 W;
3. Wavelength equal to or greater than 1,100 nm and less than 1,400 nm and average or CW output power exceeding 25 W;
4. Wavelength equal to or greater than 1,400 nm and less than 1,900 nm and average or CW output power exceeding 2.5 W; or
5. Wavelength equal to or greater than 1,900 nm and average or CW output power exceeding 1 W;
d. 1. c. Individual semiconductor "laser" 'bars' having any of the following:
1. Wavelength of less than 1,400 nm and average or CW output power exceeding 100 W;
2. Wavelength equal to or greater than 1,400 nm and less than 1,900 nm and average or CW output power exceeding 25 W; or
3. Wavelength equal to or greater than 1,900 nm and average or CW output power exceeding 10 W;
d. 1. d. Semiconductor "laser" 'stacked arrays' (two-dimensional arrays) having any of the following:
1. Wavelength less than 1,400 nm and having any of the following:
a. Average or CW total output power less than 3 kW and having average or CW output 'power density' greater than 500 W/cm²;
b. Average or CW total output power equal to or exceeding 3 kW but less than or equal to 5 kW, and having average or CW output 'power density' greater than 350W/cm²;
c. Average or CW total output power exceeding 5 kW;
d. Peak pulsed 'power density' exceeding 2,500 W/cm²; or
Note 6.A.5.d.1.d.1.d. does not apply to epitaxially-fabricated monolithic devices.
e. Spatially coherent average or CW total output power, greater than 150 W;
d. 1. d. 2. Wavelength greater than or equal to 1,400 nm but less than 1,900 nm, and having any of the following:
a. Average or CW total output power less than 250 W and average or CW output 'power density' greater than 150 W/cm²;
b. Average or CW total output power equal to or exceeding 250 W but less than or equal to 500 W, and having average or CW output 'power density' greater than 50W/cm²;
c. Average or CW total output power exceeding 500 W;
d. Peak pulsed 'power density' exceeding 500 W/cm²; or
Note 6.A.5.d.1.d.2.d. does not apply to epitaxially-fabricated monolithic devices.
e. Spatially coherent average or CW total output power, exceeding 15 W;
d. 1. d. 3. Wavelength greater than or equal to 1,900 nm and having any of the following:
a. Average or CW output 'power density' greater than 50 W/cm²;
b. Average or CW output power greater than 10 W; or
c. Spatially coherent average or CW total output power, exceeding 1.5 W; or
d. 1. d. 4. At least one "laser" 'bar' specified in 6.A.5.d.1.c.;
Technical Note
For the purposes of 6.A.5.d.1.d., 'power density' means the total "laser" output power divided by the emitter surface area of the 'stacked array'.
d. 1. e. Semiconductor "laser" 'stacked arrays', other than those specified in 6.A.5.d.1.d., having all of the following:
1. Specially designed or modified to be combined with other 'stacked arrays' to form a larger 'stacked array'; and
2. Integrated connections, common for both electronics and cooling;
Note 1 'Stacked arrays', formed by combining semiconductor "laser" 'stacked arrays' specified in 6.A.5.d.1.e., that are not designed to be further combined or modified are specified in 6.A.5.d.1.d.
Note 2 'Stacked arrays', formed by combining semiconductor "laser" 'stacked arrays' specified in 6.A.5.d.1.e., that are designed to be further combined or modified are specified in 6.A.5.d.1.e.
Note 3 6.A.5.d.1.e. does not apply to modular assemblies of single 'bars' designed to be fabricated into end-to-end stacked linear arrays.
d. 2. Carbon monoxide (CO) "lasers" having any of the following:
a. Output energy exceeding 2 J per pulse and "peak power" exceeding 5 kW; or
b. Average or CW output power exceeding 5 kW;
d. 3. Carbon dioxide (CO₂) "lasers" having any of the following:
a. CW output power exceeding 15 kW;
b. Pulsed output with a "pulse duration" exceeding 10 µs and any of the following:
1. "Average output power" exceeding 10 kW; or
2. "Peak power" exceeding 100 kW; or
c. Pulsed output with a "pulse duration" equal to or less than 10 µs and any of the following:
1. Pulse energy exceeding 5 J per pulse; or
2. "Average output power" exceeding 2.5 kW;
d. 4. Excimer "lasers" having any of the following:
a. Output wavelength not exceeding 150 nm and any of the following:
1. Output energy exceeding 50 mJ per pulse; or
2. "Average output power" exceeding 1 W;
d. 4. b. Output wavelength exceeding 150 nm but not exceeding 190 nm and any of the following:
1. Output energy exceeding 1.5 J per pulse; or
2. "Average output power" exceeding 120 W;
c. Output wavelength exceeding 190 nm but not exceeding 360 nm and any of the following:
1. Output energy exceeding 10 J per pulse; or
2. "Average output power" exceeding 500 W; or
d. Output wavelength exceeding 360 nm and any of the following:
1. Output energy exceeding 1.5 J per pulse; or
2. "Average output power" exceeding 30 W;
N.B. For excimer "lasers" specially designed for lithography equipment, see 3.B.1.
d. 5. 'Chemical lasers' as follows:
Technical Note
For the purposes of 6.A.5.d.5., 'chemical laser' is a "laser" in which the excited species is produced by the output energy from a chemical reaction.
a. Hydrogen Fluoride (HF) "lasers";
b. Deuterium Fluoride (DF) "lasers";
c. 'Transfer lasers' as follows:
1. Oxygen Iodine (O₂₋I) "lasers";
2. Deuterium Fluoride-Carbon dioxide (DF-CO₂) "lasers";
Technical Note
For the purposes of 6.A.5.d.5.c., 'transfer lasers' are "lasers" in which the lasing species are excited through the transfer of energy by collision of a non-lasing atom or molecule with a lasing atom or molecule species.
d. 6. "Non-repetitive pulsed" Nd:glass "lasers" having any of the following:
a. "Pulse duration" not exceeding 1 s and output energy exceeding 50 J per pulse; or
b. "Pulse duration" exceeding 1 s and output energy exceeding 100 J per pulse;
e. Components as follows:
1. Mirrors cooled either by 'active cooling' or by heat pipe cooling;
Technical Notes
For the purposes of 6.A.5.e.1., 'active cooling' is a cooling technique for optical components using flowing fluids within the subsurface (nominally less than 1 mm below the optical surface) of the optical component to remove heat from the optic.
e. 2. Optical mirrors or transmissive or partially transmissive optical or electro-optical components, other than fused tapered fibre combiners and Multi-Layer Dielectric gratings (MLDs), specially designed for use with specified "lasers";
Note Fibre combiners and MLDs are specified in 6.A.5.e.3.
e. 3. Fibre "laser" components as follows:
a. Multimode to multimode fused tapered fibre combiners having all of the following:
1. An insertion loss better (less) than or equal to 0.3 dB maintained at a rated total average or CW output power (excluding output power transmitted through the single mode core if present) exceeding 1,000 W; and
2. Number of input fibres equal to or greater than 3;
e. 3. b. Single mode to multimode fused tapered fibre combiners having all of the following:
1. An insertion loss better (less) than 0.5 dB maintained at a rated total average or CW output power exceeding 4,600 W;
2. Number of input fibres equal to or greater than 3; and
3. Having any of the following:
a. A Beam Parameter Product (BPP) measured at the output not exceeding 1.5 mm mrad for a number of input fibres less than or equal to 5; or
b. A BPP measured at the output not exceeding 2.5 mm mrad for a number of input fibres greater than 5;
e. 3. c. MLDs having all of the following:
1. Designed for spectral or coherent beam combination of 5 or more fibre "lasers"; and
2. CW "Laser" Induced Damage Threshold (LIDT) greater than or equal to 10 kW/cm²;
f. Optical equipment as follows:
N.B. For shared aperture optical elements, capable of operating in "Super High Power Laser" ("SHPL") applications, see ML19. Note 2.d[1]*
1. Not used since 2017
N.B. For items previously specified in 6.A.5.f.1., see 6.A.4.f.
2. "Laser" diagnostic equipment specially designed for dynamic measurement of "SHPL" system angular beam steering errors and having an angular "accuracy" of 10 µrad (microradians) or less (better);
3. Optical equipment and components, specially designed for coherent beam combination in a phased-array "SHPL" system and having any of the following:
a. An "accuracy" of 0.1 µm or less (better), for wavelengths greater than 1 µm; or
b. An "accuracy" of λ/10 or less (better) at the designed wavelength, for wavelengths equal to or less than 1 µm;
4. Projection telescopes specially designed for use with "SHPL" systems;
g. 'Laser acoustic detection equipment' having all of the following:
1. CW "laser" output power equal to or exceeding 20 mW;
2. "Laser" frequency stability equal to or less (better) than 10 MHz;
3. "Laser" wavelengths equal to or exceeding 1,000 nm but not exceeding 2,000 nm;
4. Optical system resolution less (better) than 1 nm; and
5. Optical Signal to Noise ratio equal to or exceeding 10³.
Technical Note
For the purposes of 6.A.5.g., 'laser acoustic detection equipment' is sometimes referred to as a "Laser" Microphone or Particle Flow Detection Microphone.
MAGNETIC AND ELECTRIC FIELD SENSORS